13 Reasons Why People Commit Suicide: January 2019

1. Depression and Mental Illnesses

While there are many factors which can influence a person's decision to commit suicide, the most common one is that the person has severe depression. A person is feeling great emotional pain but isn't able to see any way to relieve that pain other than ending her own life.

Other mental illnesses besides depression can also play a role in suicide. For example, a person with schizophrenia or other illnesses that produce psychosis might be hearing voices which command her to kill herself. Bipolar disorder, an illness in which a person experiences alternating periods of high and low moods, can also increase a person's risk for committing suicide. Borderline personality disorder is another condition with a high rate of suicide. Eating disorders, including anorexia and bulimia, have a high rate of death by suicide.

2. Traumatic Stress

A person who has had a traumatic experience, including childhood sexual abuse, rape, physical abuse, or war trauma, is at a greater risk for suicide, even many years after the trauma. Having the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder or multiple incidents of trauma raises the risk even further.

3. Substance Abuse and Impulsivity

Drugs and alcohol can also influence a person who is feeling suicidal, making her more impulsive and likely to act upon her urges than she would be while sober. Use of drugs and alcohol can contribute to the other reasons people commit suicide, such as the loss of jobs and relationships. As well, the rates of substance abuse and alcohol use disorder are higher among people with depression and other psychological disorders. Put these together and the risks increase.

4. Loss or Fear of Loss

A person may decide to commit suicide when facing a loss or the fear of a loss. These situations can include:

Ending a romantic relationship or close friendship
Losing a job or being unemployed and unable to find a sufficient source of steady income
Finacial problems
Losing social position
Losing your living situation due to financial reasons or the ending of a relationship
Academic failure
Losing social or family acceptance due to revealing your sexual orientation
Bullying, shaming, or humiliation, including cyberbullying
Being arrested or imprisoned

5. Hopelessness

Hopelessness, either in the short term or as a longer-lasting trait, has been found in many studies to contribute to the decision to commit suicide. The person may be facing a social or physical challenge and see no way the situation can improve.

When a person feels that she has lost all hope and she doesn't feel able to change that, it can overshadow all of the good things in her life, making suicide seem like a viable option. While it might seem obvious to an outside observer that things will get better, a person with depression may not be able to see this due to the pessimism and despair that go along with this illness.

6. Chronic Pain and Terminal Illnesses

If a person has chronic pain or an illness with no hope of a cure or a reprieve from her suffering, suicide may seem like a way to regain dignity and control of her life. Assisted suicide is legal in some states for these reasons.

7. Belief Your Life is a Burden to Others

People who decide to commit suicide often state that their loved ones or the world, in general, would be better off without them. The person sees herself as a burden to others or feels worthless.

8. Social Isolation

A person can become socially isolated for many reasons, including losing friends or a spouse, physical or mental illness, social anxiety, retirement, or due to a move to a new location. This can lead to loneliness and other risk factors such as depression and substance abuse.

9. A Cry for Help

Sometimes people attempt suicide not so much because they really want to die, but because they simply don't know how to get help. Suicide attempts then become a way of crying out and demonstrating to the world just how much the person is hurting. Unfortunately, these cries for help may sometimes prove to be fatal if the person misjudges the lethality of her chosen suicide method.

10. Accidental Suicide

There are some situations where what appears to be a suicide is actually an accidental death. The dangerous "choking game," where teens attempt to asphyxiate themselves in order to feel a high, and autoerotic asphyxiation, are examples.

11. A Word From Verywell

You may never know why a person committed suicide. While it might have appeared that someone had everything to live for, it probably didn't feel that way to her. If you or a friend are at risk of self-harm, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is available for online chat, or call 800-273-8255.

12. They're Phychotic

Malevolent inner voices often command self-destruction for unintelligible reasons. Psychosis is much harder to mask than depression, and is arguably even more tragic. The worldwide incidence of schizophrenia is 1% and often strikes otherwise healthy, high-performing individuals, whose lives, though manageable with medication, never fulfill their original promise. Schizophrenics are just as likely to talk freely about the voices commanding them to kill themselves as not, and also, in my experience, give honest answers about thoughts of suicide when asked directly. Psychosis, too, is treatable, and usually must be treated for a schizophrenic to be able to function at all. Untreated or poorly treated psychosis almost always requires hospital admission to a locked ward until the voices lose their commanding power.

13.They have a philosophical desire to die.

The decision to commit suicide for some is based on a reasoned decision, often motivated by the presence of a painful terminal illness from which little to no hope of reprieve exists. These people aren't depressed, psychotic, maudlin, or crying out for help. They're trying to take control of their destiny and alleviate their own suffering, which usually can only be done in death. They often look at their choice to commit suicide as a way to shorten a dying that will happen regardless. In my personal view, if such people are evaluated by a qualified professional who can reliably exclude the other possibilities for why suicide is desired, these people should be allowed to die at their own hands.

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